Imaging of Common and Uncommon Manifestations of Immunoglobulin G4‐Related Disease in the Head and Neck
Immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a multisystemic immune-mediated disease, encompassing several conditions previously thought to be unrelated, which can mimic malignant, infectious, and inflammatory disorders. Head and neck IgG4-RD most frequently affects the salivary glands
and orbit; however, it can involve virtually any subsite. Diagnosis is challenging and relies on the clinical presentation, serum immunoglobulin G4 levels, and histopathology. Although imaging is nonspecific, growing knowledge of IgG4-RD allows characterization of imaging patterns and description
of novel findings. This review focuses on cross-sectional imaging findings of extracranial IgG4-RD in the head and neck, presenting cases in frequent and unusual subsites, with some cases with few descriptions in the radiological literature, such as the pharynx and larynx, temporal bone, paranasal
sinuses, and perivascular areas.
Learning Objective: To describe the imaging findings of IgG4-RD in the head and neck to suggest the diagnosis and identify the involvement of common and uncommon subsites.
Learning Objective: To describe the imaging findings of IgG4-RD in the head and neck to suggest the diagnosis and identify the involvement of common and uncommon subsites.
Keywords: HT = Hashimoto thyroiditis; IgG4-RD = IgG4-related disease; IgG4-ROD = IgG4-related ophthalmic disease; IgG4-RS = IgG4-related sialadenitis; IgG4 = immunoglobulin G4; RT = Riedel thyroiditis; SUVmax = maximum standard uptake value; US = ultrasonography
Document Type: Research Article
Publication date: April 1, 2024
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