Primary Cranial Vault Lymphoma: A Rare and Difficult Diagnosis

Primary cranial vault lymphoma is a very rare entity, difficult to diagnose before biopsy or craniotomy due to nonspecific clinical presentation, complex imaging features, and lack of familiarity with the entity. We present an illustrative case initially thought to be an intraosseous meningioma. Diagnosis of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma was established only after craniotomy. We emphasize characteristic imaging features of a soft-tissue mass of the scalp with contiguous extension into the epidural space.