@article {Yang:2025:2637-8329:183,
title = "Recognizing Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome in At-Risk Populations: Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Beyond",
journal = "Neurographics",
parent_itemid = "infobike://asnr/ng",
publishercode ="asnr",
year = "2025",
volume = "15",
number = "3",
publication date ="2025-07-01T00:00:00",
pages = "183-191",
itemtype = "ARTICLE",
issn = "2637-8329",
eissn = "2637-8329",
url = "https://asnr.publisher.ingentaconnect.com/content/asnr/ng/2025/00000015/00000003/art00004",
doi = "doi:10.3174/ng.2400058",
keyword = "WBC = white blood cell, PML = progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy, DNA = deoxyribonucleic acid, MS = multiple sclerosis, CSF-PCR = cerebrospinal fluid polymerase chain reaction, DMT = disease-modifying therapy, LP = lumbar puncture, RNA = ribonucleic acid, HIV = human immunodeficiency virus, HAART = highly active antiretroviral therapy, JC virus = John Cunningham virus, IRIS = immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome, CD8 = cluster of differentiation 8, Ag = antigen, CD4 = cluster of differentiation 4",
author = "Yang, L. and Tranvinh, E. and Holloman, A.M. and Hutton, G.J. and Mor{\’o}n, F.E.",
abstract = "We report 6 cases of immunocompromised patients who developed CNS immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) in the setting of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy or cryptococcal infection. The purpose of this case series is to familiarize radiologists with different
at-risk populations, courses of clinical presentation, and common imaging features suggestive of IRIS to guide patient management in a timely manner.Learning Objective: To recognize at-risk populations, clinical features, and imaging findings of CNS IRIS.",
}