@article {Reddy:2011:2637-8329:96,
title = "Finding a Needle in a Haystack: Review of Imaging to Identify Parathyroid Adenoma",
journal = "Neurographics",
parent_itemid = "infobike://asnr/ng",
publishercode ="asnr",
year = "2011",
volume = "1",
number = "3",
publication date ="2011-12-01T00:00:00",
pages = "96-104",
itemtype = "ARTICLE",
issn = "2637-8329",
eissn = "2637-8329",
url = "https://asnr.publisher.ingentaconnect.com/content/asnr/ng/2011/00000001/00000003/art00003",
doi = "doi:10.3174/ng.3110015",
keyword = "SPECT = single-photon emission CT, Tc-99m sestamibi = technetium-99m sestamibi, 11C = carbon 11, PET = positron-emission tomography, T1‐201= thallium 201, PTH = parathyroid hormone",
author = "Reddy, Susmitha M. and Mian, Asim and Nadgir, Rohini and Wang, Jimmy and Sakai, Osamu",
abstract = "Primary hyperparathyroidism is characterized by hypercalcemia secondary to increased production or altered excretion of the PTH. Primary hyperparathyroidism is the most common cause of primary hypercalcemia. This is typically caused by parathyroid adenomas. A parathyroid adenoma can
be difficult to localize given its small size and occasional ectopic location. With the advent of newer imaging techniques and the intraoperative PTH assay, directed minimally invasive surgery has replaced the standard 4-gland exploration for resection of single-gland adenomas. For minimally
invasive surgery, precise preoperative localization of the adenoma is critical. We aim to review the anatomy, embryology, and different imaging modalities helpful in diagnosing parathyroid adenomas, with particular emphasis on efficacy and limitation.",
}