Imaging and Anatomic Features of Juvenile Angiofibroma

JA is an uncommon highly vascular locally aggressive tumor with benign histologic characteristics that occurs almost exclusively in males 5‐25 years of age. It represents 0.5% of all head and neck tumors. It is clinically diagnosed by a history of nasal obstruction and recurrent epistaxis; and radiologic imaging is important for diagnostic corroboration and preoperative anatomic evaluation. With CT, a presumptive diagnosis of JA is based on the presence of a vascular mass in the pterygopalatine fossa that widens or erodes the sphenopalatine foramen and extends into the ipsilateral nasal cavity. MR imaging is used for delineation of intracranial extension of the tumor. Imaging provides essential information to the clinician, which serves as a guide to patient management. The purpose of this article is to present a review of the common imaging findings of JA.